কতগুলো শব্দ পাশাপাশি বসে যদি একটি সম্পূর্ণ মনের ভাব প্রকাশ করে, তবে তাকে Sentence বা বাক্য বলে। যেমন-
I play football.
You catch a fish.
Mita goes to school.
The man runs in the field.
We shall go to Dhaka tomorrow.
Sentence ৫ প্রকার। যথা-
1. Assertive Sentence
2. Imperative Sentence
3. Interrogative Sentence
4. Optative Sentence
5. Exclamatory Sentence
1. Assertive Sentence (বিবৃতিমূলক বাক্য)
যদি কোন বাক্যে কিছু বর্ণনা বা বিবৃতি বোঝায়, তবে তাকে ইংরেজিতে Assertive Sentence বলে৷
গঠনঃ
Subject + Verb + Object/Complement + Preposition etc.
উদাহরণঃ
I am a student.
You are a boy.
He goes to school.
They play football everyday.
Rana reads a book.
Monira writes a story.
2. Imperative Sentence (আদেশ, উপদেশ বা অনুরোধমূলক বাক্য)
যে বাক্য দ্বারা কোনো আদেশ, উপদেশ বা অনুরোধ বোঝায়, তাকে ইংরেজিতে Imperative Sentence বলে৷
গঠনঃ
Subject + Verb + Object
Verb + Where
উদাহরণঃ
Go home.
Take your book.
Close the door.
Come here.
Go there.
Run across the field.
3. Interrogative Sentence (প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্য)
যে বাক্য দ্বারা কোনো প্রশ্ন করা বোঝায়, তাকে ইংরেজিতে Interrogative Sentence বলে৷
গঠনঃ
Be verb(am, is, are)/have verb(have/has)/modal verb(shall, should, can, could, may, might, etc) + Subject + Object?
Be verb(am, is, are)/have verb(have/has)/modal verb(shall, should, can, could, may, might, etc) + Subject + Main verb + Object?
Do/Does + Subject + Verb + Object?
Wh word + Be verb(am, is , are)/have verb(have/has)/modal verb(shall, should, can, could, may, might, etc) + Subject?
Wh word + Be verb(am, is , are)/have verb(have/has)/modal verb(shall, should, can, could, may, might, etc) + Subject + Object?
Wh word + Do/Does + Subject + Main verb(play, take, make, swim, run, etc) + Object?
উদাহরণঃ
Am I a student?
Are you a boy?
Is he playing football?
Do you write a letter?
What is his father?
What are you doing here?
4. Optative Sentence (ইচ্ছা বা প্রার্থনাসূচক বাক্য)
যে বাক্য দ্বারা কোনো ইচ্ছা বা প্রার্থনা করা বোঝায়, তাকে ইংরেজিতে Optative Sentence বলে৷
গঠনঃ
May + Subject + Verb + Object
উদাহরণঃ
May you be happy.
May you live long.
May Allah bless you.
কখনো কখনো May ব্যবহার না করেও Optative Sentance তৈরি করা হতে পারে৷ যেমন-
Long live the king.
5. Exclamatory Sentence (আবেগসূচক বাক্য)
দুঃখ, আনন্দ, বিস্ময় প্রভৃতি আবেগ বোঝাতে যে বাক্য ব্যবহার করা হয়, তাকে ইংরেজিতে Exclamatory Sentence বলে৷
গঠনঃ
Alas, Hurrah, Oh, etc! + Subject + Verb + Object.
What + a/an + Adjective + Subject + Object + Verb!
How + Adjective + Subject + Verb!
উদাহরণঃ
Alas! The man is dead.
Hurrah! We have won the game.
Fie! You are a liar.
What a nice bird it is!
What a big house it is!
How happy he is!
How beautiful the scenary is!
Examples:
1. How well she sings! – Exclamatory
2. What is your name? – Interrogative
3. Did I say anything to make you angry? – Interrogative
4. What is your name? – Interrogative
5. Who told you this? – Interrogative
6. She is a successful writer. – Declarative
7. It is raining cats and dogs. – Declarative
8. I want to become a writer. – Declarative
9. She does not eat meat or fish. – Declarative
10. Go at once. – Imperative
11. Bring me that file. – Imperative
12. My mother makes delicious cookies. – Declarative
13. Get lost. – Imperative
14. Fetch me a glass of water. – Imperative
15. Please be seated. – Imperative
16. Sit down. – Imperative
17. She writes with her left hand. – Declarative
18. What a tragedy! – Exclamatory
19. How beautiful she is! – Exclamatory
20. I have two sisters. – Declarative
21. How ridiculous this is! – Exclamatory
22. I have lost my way – Declarative
Identify the sentences whether they are Assertive, Interrogative, Imperative, Optative or Exclamatory:
I go to school.-
Who are you?-
What does he do?-
My name is Monir.-
How are you?-
Go to school.-
May Allah bless you.-
Mehzabin is a good girl.-
Shojib comes here everyday.-
Pick up the book.-
Write on the board.-
The bird flies in the sky.-
What a big office it is!-
How nice the river is!-
Play football in the evening.-
Do not run in the sun.-
They are good girls.-
Long live our leader.-
Please bring me a glass of water.-
Do not tell a lie.-
Bristi writes a poem.-
Present your opinion.-
Hurrah! He has won the match.-
Oh! It is disturbing.-
The lion is a big animal.-
Ritu reads a story everyday.-
Bravo! You have played well.-
When do you go?-
My sister cooks a fish.-
Well done! We are proud of you.-
The sun rises in the east.-
Milk is white.-
I play football.
You catch a fish.
Mita goes to school.
The man runs in the field.
We shall go to Dhaka tomorrow.
Sentence ৫ প্রকার। যথা-
1. Assertive Sentence
2. Imperative Sentence
3. Interrogative Sentence
4. Optative Sentence
5. Exclamatory Sentence
1. Assertive Sentence (বিবৃতিমূলক বাক্য)
যদি কোন বাক্যে কিছু বর্ণনা বা বিবৃতি বোঝায়, তবে তাকে ইংরেজিতে Assertive Sentence বলে৷
গঠনঃ
Subject + Verb + Object/Complement + Preposition etc.
উদাহরণঃ
I am a student.
You are a boy.
He goes to school.
They play football everyday.
Rana reads a book.
Monira writes a story.
2. Imperative Sentence (আদেশ, উপদেশ বা অনুরোধমূলক বাক্য)
যে বাক্য দ্বারা কোনো আদেশ, উপদেশ বা অনুরোধ বোঝায়, তাকে ইংরেজিতে Imperative Sentence বলে৷
গঠনঃ
Subject + Verb + Object
Verb + Where
উদাহরণঃ
Go home.
Take your book.
Close the door.
Come here.
Go there.
Run across the field.
3. Interrogative Sentence (প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্য)
যে বাক্য দ্বারা কোনো প্রশ্ন করা বোঝায়, তাকে ইংরেজিতে Interrogative Sentence বলে৷
গঠনঃ
Be verb(am, is, are)/have verb(have/has)/modal verb(shall, should, can, could, may, might, etc) + Subject + Object?
Be verb(am, is, are)/have verb(have/has)/modal verb(shall, should, can, could, may, might, etc) + Subject + Main verb + Object?
Do/Does + Subject + Verb + Object?
Wh word + Be verb(am, is , are)/have verb(have/has)/modal verb(shall, should, can, could, may, might, etc) + Subject?
Wh word + Be verb(am, is , are)/have verb(have/has)/modal verb(shall, should, can, could, may, might, etc) + Subject + Object?
Wh word + Do/Does + Subject + Main verb(play, take, make, swim, run, etc) + Object?
উদাহরণঃ
Am I a student?
Are you a boy?
Is he playing football?
Do you write a letter?
What is his father?
What are you doing here?
4. Optative Sentence (ইচ্ছা বা প্রার্থনাসূচক বাক্য)
যে বাক্য দ্বারা কোনো ইচ্ছা বা প্রার্থনা করা বোঝায়, তাকে ইংরেজিতে Optative Sentence বলে৷
গঠনঃ
May + Subject + Verb + Object
উদাহরণঃ
May you be happy.
May you live long.
May Allah bless you.
কখনো কখনো May ব্যবহার না করেও Optative Sentance তৈরি করা হতে পারে৷ যেমন-
Long live the king.
5. Exclamatory Sentence (আবেগসূচক বাক্য)
দুঃখ, আনন্দ, বিস্ময় প্রভৃতি আবেগ বোঝাতে যে বাক্য ব্যবহার করা হয়, তাকে ইংরেজিতে Exclamatory Sentence বলে৷
গঠনঃ
Alas, Hurrah, Oh, etc! + Subject + Verb + Object.
What + a/an + Adjective + Subject + Object + Verb!
How + Adjective + Subject + Verb!
উদাহরণঃ
Alas! The man is dead.
Hurrah! We have won the game.
Fie! You are a liar.
What a nice bird it is!
What a big house it is!
How happy he is!
How beautiful the scenary is!
Examples:
1. How well she sings! – Exclamatory
2. What is your name? – Interrogative
3. Did I say anything to make you angry? – Interrogative
4. What is your name? – Interrogative
5. Who told you this? – Interrogative
6. She is a successful writer. – Declarative
7. It is raining cats and dogs. – Declarative
8. I want to become a writer. – Declarative
9. She does not eat meat or fish. – Declarative
10. Go at once. – Imperative
11. Bring me that file. – Imperative
12. My mother makes delicious cookies. – Declarative
13. Get lost. – Imperative
14. Fetch me a glass of water. – Imperative
15. Please be seated. – Imperative
16. Sit down. – Imperative
17. She writes with her left hand. – Declarative
18. What a tragedy! – Exclamatory
19. How beautiful she is! – Exclamatory
20. I have two sisters. – Declarative
21. How ridiculous this is! – Exclamatory
22. I have lost my way – Declarative
Identify the sentences whether they are Assertive, Interrogative, Imperative, Optative or Exclamatory:
I go to school.-
Who are you?-
What does he do?-
My name is Monir.-
How are you?-
Go to school.-
May Allah bless you.-
Mehzabin is a good girl.-
Shojib comes here everyday.-
Pick up the book.-
Write on the board.-
The bird flies in the sky.-
What a big office it is!-
How nice the river is!-
Play football in the evening.-
Do not run in the sun.-
They are good girls.-
Long live our leader.-
Please bring me a glass of water.-
Do not tell a lie.-
Bristi writes a poem.-
Present your opinion.-
Hurrah! He has won the match.-
Oh! It is disturbing.-
The lion is a big animal.-
Ritu reads a story everyday.-
Bravo! You have played well.-
When do you go?-
My sister cooks a fish.-
Well done! We are proud of you.-
The sun rises in the east.-
Milk is white.-
Very beautiful
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